In the study of optical illusions, researchers explored the artwork of a contemporary artist who created paintings that initially appeared as simple landscapes. However, upon closer examination, the paintings revealed hidden images and complexities not apparent at first glance. This technique __________ the viewers’ expectations by introducing unexpected elements into seemingly straightforward scenes.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Renowned biologist Dr. Amanda Turner __________ that advancements in genetic engineering will not only revolutionize medical treatments but also lead to ethical dilemmas as humanity grapples with the potential for designing and modifying traits in future generations. This intersection of science and morality has long been a topic of contemplation in philosophical discourse.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the realm of astronomy, astronomers recently discovered a unique celestial phenomenon where two stars in a binary system demonstrated a cooperative behavior. During the observation period, one star unexpectedly assisted its companion by shielding it from the intense radiation emitted by a nearby supernova. Surprisingly, this behavior __________ the research team’s ability to gather accurate data on the effects of the supernova.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the realm of literary analysis, the concept of “stream of consciousness” serves as a distinctive narrative technique, providing readers with direct insight into a character’s unfiltered thoughts and emotions. Scholars widely acknowledge that this narrative style—the __________ to convey a character’s internal monologue in a continuous and unstructured flow—is attributed to the innovative works of early 20th-century writers, such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, who sought to capture the intricacies of human consciousness.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the realm of modern art, the Dada movement emerged in the early 20th century as a provocative response to the conventions of the time. Artists associated with Dada, such as Marcel Duchamp, created works that were deliberately nonsensical and challenged traditional artistic norms. This deliberate __________ of established norms was intended to spark new ways of thinking about art.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the realm of sociology, the Milgram obedience experiment stands as a cautionary tale, emphasizing the necessity to exercise caution when drawing broad conclusions from research findings. This famous experiment, conducted by Stanley Milgram in the 1960s, __________ this cautionary principle: the participants, who were predominantly male volunteers from a specific geographical area, may not accurately represent the broader diversity of human responses to authority figures in various cultural contexts.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

During the Renaissance, the polymath Leonardo da Vinci posited a theory that the natural world was imbued with an inherent balance and harmony. According to da Vinci, this universal balance, which he termed “equilibrium,” bestowed upon all elements the inherent __________ to maintain a harmonious existence unless disrupted by external influences.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the study of primate behavior, researchers were observing a group of monkeys in their natural habitat. One monkey displayed an unusual behavior by consistently separating itself from the main group and engaging in solitary activities. Surprisingly, this behavior __________ the researchers’ assumptions about the social dynamics within the monkey community.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein, consumed by his experiments, shut himself away in his laboratory for days. He toiled incessantly, with only the occasional whispering of his assistant, Igor, breaking the silence. But Victor finally completed his creation, and with a sense of both triumph and trepidation, he beheld the creature he had brought to life.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Text 1:
Regular exercise has numerous health benefits, including improved cardiovascular fitness, increased muscle strength, and reduced risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Exercise also releases endorphins, which are natural chemicals in the brain that act as pain relievers and mood boosters.

Text 2:
Dr. Smith, a sports medicine specialist, cautions that while exercise is generally beneficial, excessive exercise can have negative consequences on both physical and mental health. He explains that overtraining can lead to injuries such as stress fractures or muscle strains, and it can also contribute to feelings of burnout, anxiety, and depression.

Based on the texts, how would Dr. Smith (Text 2) most likely respond to the benefits of exercise mentioned by Text 1?

The foot-in-the-door technique is a persuasion strategy where a person starts with a small request, and after gaining initial agreement, makes a larger and related request. The subject is more likely to comply with the larger request because they have already agreed to the smaller one. For instance, if a salesperson wants a customer to sign up for an expensive premium service, they might begin by asking the customer to try a free trial of a basic version. To maximize the chances of success, the salesperson should initially request a __________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The foot-in-the-door technique is a persuasion strategy where a small request is made initially, and after compliance, a larger and related request is presented. This method leverages the principle of consistency, as individuals are more likely to agree to a larger request after agreeing to a smaller one. For instance, if a charity organization wishes to secure significant donations, they might first ask potential donors to sign a petition supporting a cause and then follow up with a request for a substantial monetary contribution. Therefore, if a political campaign manager wants to increase volunteer engagement, they might succeed by initially asking for a __________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Extensive research has shown that regular exercise, combined with a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, increase overall fitness levels, and improve mental well-being.

Which option provides the best solution for implementing the findings mentioned in the statement?

Indicator	Vitamin B12 Group	Control Group
Steatosis values (dB/cm/MHz)	-0.41	-0.30
Fibrosis values (kPa)	-0.35	0.10
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)	-5.00	-1.50
Fasting serum insulin (µU/ml)	-1.46	-0.21
Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)	-0.23	0.06

Fatty liver disease (FLD) occurs when excess fat builds up in the liver. Indicators such as steatosis (retention of fat in the liver), fibrosis (scarring), blood glucose (sugar), serum insulin, and insulin resistance are used to measure and track the development of FLD. A group of researchers conducted a study to investigate the effects of a new medication on FLD. The researchers hypothesized that the medication would lead to improvements in fibrosis and insulin resistance compared to a control group.

Which statement below is supported by the data in the table?

A research team investigated the nutritional content of two popular energy bars, PowerFuel and EnergyBoost, to evaluate their effectiveness as pre-workout snacks. The table below presents the nutritional information per serving:

Energy Bar	Calories	Protein (g)	Carbohydrates (g)	Fat (g)
PowerFuel	200	15	25	8
EnergyBoost	180	10	30	6

In their investigation, the research team hypothesized that PowerFuel, marketed as a protein-packed bar, would likely have higher protein content but slightly higher calorie and fat content compared to EnergyBoost.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to support the research team’s hypothesis?

Indicator	Exercise Group	Control Group
Blood Pressure (mm Hg)	-8	+2
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)	-15	+5
Resting Heart Rate (bpm)	-10	+3

A team of researchers investigated the impact of regular exercise on cardiovascular health, focusing on key indicators such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and resting heart rate. The table below presents the changes in these indicators for two groups: the Exercise Group, which engaged in a structured exercise program, and the Control Group, which maintained their regular lifestyle. The researchers hypothesized that regular exercise would lead to improvements in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and resting heart rate compared to the control group.

Which choice best describes data from the table that supports the researchers’ hypothesis?

While studying ancient civilizations, a student gathered information about two different agricultural practices:

Agricultural Practice A:

• Originated in Mesopotamia.
• Utilized irrigation canals to control water supply.
• Crops were selected based on the seasonal availability of water.

Agricultural Practice B:

• Developed in the Nile River Valley.
• Depended on annual flooding for natural fertilization.
• Required the use of a calendar for precise timing of planting and harvesting.

The student wants to highlight a distinctive feature of each agricultural practice. Which choice most effectively accomplishes this goal?

In a recent ecological study, biologist Dr. Maria Rodriguez and her research team investigated the role of certain microorganisms in enhancing the resistance of native plants to invasive species. Two groups of native plants were exposed to the presence and absence of specific soil microorganisms. The group with the introduced microorganisms exhibited not only increased growth but also demonstrated heightened resistance to invasive plant species that often outcompete native flora. Dr. Rodriguez’s study sheds light on the potential benefits of harnessing soil microbiota to protect native plant populations.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

The following text is from Charlotte Brontë’s 1847 novel “Jane Eyre.” The protagonist, Jane Eyre, reflects on her difficult experiences at Lowood School.

I was now in for it. The day succeeding this remarkable Midsummer night, proved no common day. I do not mean that it brought signs of unusual elements of life, such as storm, pressure, and an unusual degree of atmospheric influence; I mean there is physical life and no more. However, one evening when the weather was sultry, I withdrew to my room to rest alone; I was then, as far as I was concerned, at liberty to enjoy the delight of anticipating the certainty of seeing Annie, but she was more than half an hour since this earlier part of the evening when she came in, hurried. I was glad of it: but still I felt ill at ease. How was the whole being of his system bodily and mental, influenced by this strange, reckless, brilliant, and feeling with delight, yet mechanically toiling while he thought? He lived for months, neither more nor less than a proud, impotent recluse. How did his character, his recollections, her ideas, their wants and claims, inexorably flow into the channel of comparison, and combine to form the most alluring, the sweetest, the most elegant delusion?


What is the main idea of the text?

British actor Benedict Cumberbatch is widely known for his portrayal of Sherlock Holmes in the TV series “Sherlock.” The character has garnered international acclaim, and many viewers appreciate __________ intelligence and eccentricity.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The cacao bean is the dried and fully fermented fatly bean of the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao)._______ the source of cocoa butter and solids, including chocolate, as well as an ingredient in many Mesoamerican dishes such as mole and lejatc.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

While treatment for hearing loss is typically associated with the ears, some patients with damaged ear structures are not able to use traditional cochlear implants. __________ researchers are working to develop hearing aids anchored to patients’ bones in order to combat hearing loss through vibrations in the skull.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Fossilized footprints of prehistoric creatures have been discovered in a remote region. Researchers initially identified tracks believed to belong to dinosaurs. __________, detailed analysis revealed imprints of smaller mammals that lived during the same period.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

American artist Simone Leigh creates art in various mediums, including sculptures, video, and __________ the themes and images in her artwork, Leigh has emphasized that Black women are her primary audience and that they would be familiar with the allusions in her work.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In the study of animal behavior, researchers have identified specific neural pathways responsible for social bonding among species such as elephants, dolphins, and primates. These pathways involve neurotransmitters and receptors that play a crucial role in forming and maintaining social connections. However, when studying zebra finches, a team led by behavioral biologist Dr. Elena Rodriguez found that blocking the receptors associated with social bonding did not prevent the finches from forming strong social ties. This suggests that __________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Scientists conducted an experiment to study the feeding behavior of bats. They trained a group of bats to associate a specific sound cue with a reward of food. However, when the scientists played a different sound cue, the bats still exhibited the same feeding response. This suggests that ___________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

<p>American artist Simone Leigh creates art in various mediums, including sculptures, video, and __________ the themes and images in her artwork, Leigh has emphasized that Black women are her primary audience and that they would be familiar with the allusions in her work. <br /><br />Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?</p>